A HMAC-Based Token Authentication Protocol with Bloom Filter Revocation for Fog-Assisted Vehicular Networks

Abstract

In this paper, we propose five round HMAC-based token authentication protocol with Bloom filter revocation for Fog-assisted Vehicular Networks (FAVN). The proposed concept includes (i) secure bootstrap, (ii) light-weight mutual authentication; (iii) dynamic session key establishment, (iv) Bloom filter-based revocation token distribution, and; v) key refresh and pseudonym rebinding. Utilizing only lightweight symmetric cryptographic operations (e.g., HMAC and hash) this system achieves mutual authentication, unlinkability and fine grained revocability without requiring the usual asymmetric primitives or any certificates. Formal verification with the help of AVISPA tool show resistance against impersonation, replay and man-in-themiddleattack under Dolev–Yao model. Experimental results show that each session incur the average cryptographic processing delay with 2.10 ms, communication cost is only 512 bytes, and storage overhead is with 1.8 KB per vehicle. The optimal solution is compared to the state-of-the-art ECC and pairing-based methods and there it is observed that the proposed framework minimizes more than 35 % of computational cost, 42.5 % communication overhead, which can be scalable as well a privacy preserving manner in an enormous real-time automotive authentication for 5G-enabled vehicular fog architecture.